1 Kings
מְלָכִים א
" 1 kings "
Introduction
and two books (1 Kings and 2 Kings) in the Christian
It concludes the Deuteronomistic history, a history of Israel also including the books of Joshua and Judges and the
Contents
The Jerusalem Bible divides the two Books of Kings into eight sections:
1 Kings 1:1–2:46. The Davidic Succession
1 Kings 3:1–11:43. Solomon in all his glory
1 Kings 12:1–13:34. The political and religious schism
1 Kings 14:1–16:34. The two kingdoms until Elijah
1 Kings 17:1 – 2 Kings 1:18. The Elijah cycle
2 Kings 2:1–13:25. The Elisha cycle
2 Kings 14:1–17:41. The two kingdoms to the fall of Samaria
2 Kings 18:1–25:30. The last years of the kingdom of Judah.
Date
Scholars tend to treat the books as consisting of
a first edition from the late 7th century BCE and of
a second and final edition from the mid-6th century BCE.
The rest of this comprehensive Wikipedia article on the book can be read here.
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1 Kings 19:12b
(An extract from BHFA Volume 5.)
וְאַחַר הָאֵשׁ קוֹל דְּמָמָה דַקָּה׃
small whisper a voice the fire and after
KJB and after the fire a still small voice.
NASB and after the fire a sound of a gentle blowing.
ESV And after the fire the sound of a low whisper.
NLT And after the fire there was the sound of a gentle whisper.
NIV And after the fire came a gentle whisper.
CSB And after the fire there was a voice, a soft whisper.
In the BHS text, there is a footnote at the last word.
It states that the Greek Septuagint has added text.
It does indeed add κακεί κύριος and thus changing the end of the sentence to:
"and after the fire, the sound of a fine breeze, there was the LORD."
There is no reason to believe, as a number of scholars suggest, that the "voice" is in the construct and coupled to the last two words, and thus changing it to,
"the voice of a small breeze."
The last two words are a noun followed by an attributive adjective.
The correct and more dynamic equivalent of the actual MT would then be,
" And after the fire, a voice, a fine whisper,"
as is found in the CSB translation for example.
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1 Kings 19:16b
(An extract from BHFA Volume 5.)
תַּחְתֶּֽיךָ׃
under you
This is a preposition + suffix 2mp meaning, "under you."
Modern English translations imply that Elisha would replace Elijah fairly soon, but there is no indication of that in this verse.
In 2 Kgs 3:11 Elisha is identified as Elijah’s personal servant.
KJB in thy room.
NASB in your place.
ESV in your place.
NLT to replace you
NIV to succeed you